Socio-Economic Consequences and Health Risks
Beyond ecological damage, algae blooms pose substantial socio-economic challenges. Coastal regions, heavily reliant on tourism and recreational activities, face economic losses as algae blooms deter beachgoers and water sports enthusiasts due to the unpleasant odours and potential health risks. Certain types of algae, such as blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), can produce toxins harmful to humans and animals, leading to skin irritations, gastrointestinal issues, and, in severe cases, neurological problems. These health risks necessitate frequent water quality monitoring and can lead to beach closures, impacting local businesses and tourism. Furthermore, the fishing industry suffers as fish stocks decline and shellfish become contaminated, affecting commercial yields and consumer confidence in seafood safety.